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Global climate models (GCMs) are challenged by difficulties in simulating cloud phase and cloud radiative effect over the Southern Ocean (SO). Some of the new-generation GCMs predict an excess of liquid and insufficient ice in mixed-phase clouds. This misrepresentation of cloud phase in GCMs leads to weaker negative cloud feedback over the SO and a higher climate sensitivity.

Mixed-phase clouds, in which liquid droplets and ice particles coexist at temperatures between 0 C and −40 C, play an essential role in modulating the surface energy budget and impacting future climate change.

climate change

A change in the average conditions — such as temperature and rainfall — in a region over a long period of time.

Source: NASA Climate Kids Source

As a global leader in energy transition technology and the leading U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) laboratory in mobilizing non-DOE partnership funding, the National Renewable Energy

renewable energy

Renewable energy comes from unlimited, naturally replenished resources, such as the sun, tides, and wind. Renewable energy can be used for electricity generation, space and water heating and cooling, and transportation.

Source: U.S Department of Energy Source

Laboratory (NREL) conducts research that many types of organizations want to develop further. Opening new doors and creating room for more organizations to support, create, and grow NREL research and initiatives.

If there was a theme to the 32nd Annual Sandia Women’s Connection Math and Science Awards, it was how important the people around the young scholars are to their futures. The Sandia Women’s Connection celebrated more than 30 girls, all juniors in high school, who display a genuine love and passion for science and math. They were nominated by their teachers for the award, which includes time with a Sandia mentor.

A new atmospheric reanalysis forced ultra-high (~2-4 km in the Arctic) resolution global ocean-sea ice model is used to investigate the influence of the upper ocean on sea ice during 2017-2020 in the eastern Arctic basin.

Hydrothermal vents are ocean-floor openings in the Earth’s crust that emit hot, mineral-rich water. These vents are too deep in the sea to get any sunlight, and yet they still support a unique array of microorganisms adapted to living in extreme conditions. At these vents, and underwater volcanoes, researchers studied microbial communities across five oceanic regions.

Climate models generally predict a lower albedo than observed over the Southern Ocean, and this is largely attributed to a low cloud bias, especially in the post-frontal cold sector of midlatitude cyclones. This in turn may be due to an excess of ice in these simulated clouds, resulting in rapid precipitation fall-out and an overly brief cloud lifespan.

The National Virtual Climate Laboratory (NVCL), a comprehensive web portal for climate science projects funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science’s Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program, is now available.

The National Virtual Climate Laboratory (NVCL), a comprehensive web portal for climate science projects funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science’s Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program, is now available. The NVCL is a portal for those who have a stake in the climate crisis, such as researchers, students, faculty, and other interested organizations.

Simulations show a year’s climate in a research day. Focused on improving the accuracy of climate predictions, a Sandia-led computational team recently achieved a major milestone with a cloud-resolving model they ran on Frontier, the world’s first exascale supercomputer.

The Puget Sound region of the northwestern United States represents a lively and complex natural laboratory for studying how earth and human systems interact in a coastal environment. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) already has major studies underway in U.S. coastal regions in the Great Lakes, the mid-Atlantic, and even the Arctic.

Aerosols,

aerosols

Small particles or droplets, such as wildfire smoke, volcanic gases, or salty sea spray, that float in the air. They are emitted by both natural events and human activities.

Source: NASA Global Climate Change Source

often emitted alongside greenhouse gases, can brighten clouds and cause significant cooling. However, the uncertainty associated with aerosol cloud interactions (ACI) is large and potentially significant enough to mask a sizable portion of greenhouse gas-related warming.